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Formation of the stomatal outer cuticular ledge requires a guard cell wall proline-rich protein

Hunt, Lee; Amsbury, Samuel; Baillie, Alice; Movahedi, Mahsa; Mitchell, Alice; Afsharinafar, Mana; Swarup, Kamal; Denyer, Thomas; Hobbs, Jamie K.; Swarup, Ranjan; Fleming, Andrew J.; Gray, Julie E.

Formation of the stomatal outer cuticular ledge requires a guard cell wall proline-rich protein Thumbnail


Authors

Lee Hunt

Samuel Amsbury

Alice Baillie

Mahsa Movahedi

Alice Mitchell

Mana Afsharinafar

Kamal Swarup

Thomas Denyer

Jamie K. Hobbs

Andrew J. Fleming

Julie E. Gray



Abstract

Stomata are formed by a pair of guard cells which have thickened, elastic cell walls to withstand the large increases in turgor pressure that have to be generated to open the pore that they surround. We have characterised FOCL1, a guard cell-expressed, secreted protein with homology to hydroxyproline-rich cell wall proteins. FOCL1-GFP localises to the guard cell outer cuticular ledge and plants lacking FOCL1 produce stomata without a cuticular ledge. Instead the majority of stomatal pores are entirely covered-over by a continuous fusion of the cuticle, and consequently plants have decreased levels of transpiration and display drought tolerance. The focl1 guard cells are larger and less able to reduce the aperture of their stomatal pore in response to closure signals suggesting that the flexibility of guard cell walls is impaired. FOCL1 is also expressed in lateral root initials where it aids lateral root emergence. We propose that FOCL1 acts in these highly specialised cells of the stomata and root to impart cell wall strength at high turgor and/or to facilitate interactions between the cell wall and the cuticle.

Citation

Hunt, L., Amsbury, S., Baillie, A., Movahedi, M., Mitchell, A., Afsharinafar, M., …Gray, J. E. (2017). Formation of the stomatal outer cuticular ledge requires a guard cell wall proline-rich protein. Plant Physiology, 174(2), https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.16.01715

Journal Article Type Article
Acceptance Date Jan 30, 2017
Online Publication Date Feb 2, 2017
Publication Date Aug 1, 2017
Deposit Date Aug 15, 2017
Publicly Available Date Aug 15, 2017
Journal Plant Physiology
Print ISSN 0032-0889
Electronic ISSN 1532-2548
Publisher American Society of Plant Biologists
Peer Reviewed Peer Reviewed
Volume 174
Issue 2
DOI https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.16.01715
Public URL https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/967286
Publisher URL http://www.plantphysiol.org/content/174/2/689
Contract Date Aug 15, 2017

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